Standard 4.2 Explain how the circulatory system (heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, red blood cells) transports nutrients and oxygen to cells and removes cell wastes. Describe how the kidneys and the liver are closely associated with the circulatory system as they perform the excretory function of removing waste from the blood. Recognize that kidneys remove nitrogenous wastes, and the liver removes many toxic compounds from blood.
Vocabulary
capillaries - microscopic blood vessels
red blood cell - cells that carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
liver - complex organ (that makes bile to digest fat) that turns poison ammonia into urea
urine - waste liquid made by the kidney's nephrons
Urinary System
The urinary system filters the blood to balance osmosis and get rid of metabolic waste (urea)
The kidney's make urine, which is eliminated from the body
Circulatory System
The circulatory system moves blood through out your body. Every cell needs oxygen and has to get rid of carbon dioxide.
Blood vessels are tubes that carry blood around. The three types of blood vessels are:
Arteries - carry blood away from the heart
Veins - carry blood towards the heart
Capillaries - microscopic vessels
Blood Components
1. Plasma - 55% of the blood is this yellowish colored fluid which carries chemicals like salt, sugar, drugs, hormones etc.
2. Cells - 45% of the blood are cells. There are three main types of cells.
a. red blood cells (erythrocytes)- carry gases
b. white blood cells (leukocytes) - fight infection and cancer
c. platelets - (thrombocytes) clot your blood when you get cut
Blood circulation
The heart is the pump that circulates blood. It is two pumps in one!! The left pump only moves oxygen-rich blood; the right side moves oxygen-poor blood